http://coinmamailtcrg7fw6uorut3d35bk35rtmntkrtb4fgeov6pefvfutqd.onion/blog/a-history-of-money-from-barter-to-banknotes-to-bitcoin
Instead, nation-states created the concept of a central bank that would have the sole right to issue banknotes pegged to the value of gold. In 1944, the post-war Bretton Woods system set out the terms by which every national currency would be pegged to the dollar, which would, in turn, be backed by gold at a rate of $35/oz.