http://newgon77kdbgbo2xqfr7ey7he54zmjeaw3bn6o75fqnoyc3wkktjtgyd.onion/wiki/Research:_The_Dangers_of_Stigma
They perpetuate stigma, are ineffective, lead to unintended consequences, and cost much for the state. Here are excerpts on this topic. Williams, D. J., Thomas, J. N., & Prior, E. E. (2015). Moving Full-Speed Ahead in the Wrong Direction?